Conflict theory: a sociological perspective
Conflict theory is a social theory that explains how power, inequalities and competition shape society. It argues that the company is made up of competitions for limited resources, leading to conflicts between the powerful (elites) and the least powerful (oppressed).
Key ideas of conflict theory
- The company is based on competition
- People and groups compete for resources such as wealth, power and opportunities.
- Powerful control institutions (government, media, education) to maintain their domination.
- Inequality leads to conflicts
- Social classes, races and sexes often experience inequalities.
- People in power create systems (laws, political) to keep others disadvantaged.
- Social change comes from the conflict
- The conflict between groups (workers vs employers, citizens vs government) leads to social change.
- Revolutions, manifestations and reforms often arise from these tensions.
Origins of conflict theory
Conflict theory has been developed by Karl Marxwhich focused on the class struggles between:
- Bourgeoisie (capitalist) – Owners rich in companies and resources.
- Proletariat (workers) – workers exploited for profit.
Marx thought that workers would eventually revolt and create a classless society (communism).
Other sociologists love Max Weber And C. Wright Mills expanded theory beyond the class struggle, including conflicts of power in politics, race and sex.
Examples of conflict theory in society
- Inequality of wealth
- The rich controls most resources, while the poor are fighting for basic needs.
- Governments and societies influence policies for the benefit of the rich.
- Racial and gender discrimination
- Some groups are faced with systemic drawbacks in jobs, education and legal systems.
- Movements like Black Lives Matter and feminism question these inequalities.
- Workers strike and demonstrations
- Workers demand fair wages, better conditions and rights through unions and demonstrations.
Criticism of conflict theory
- Too focus on conflicts – Critics say he ignores cooperation and harmony in society.
- Simplifies the company – Not all social interactions are based on oppression.
- Does not explain stability – Societies often remain stable despite inequalities.
Conclusion
Conflict theory provides a powerful means of understanding social inequalities and change. He explains how the difficulties of being able to shape institutions and influence social movements. Although it has limits, this remains a key perspective in sociology and political science.
